stump

      英[st?mp] 美[st?mp]
      • n. 樹樁;殘余部分;假肢
      • vt. 砍伐;使為難;在…作巡回政治演說
      • vi. 笨重地行走;發表競選演說
      • n. (Stump)人名;(英)斯頓普;(德)施通普

      詞態變化


      復數:?stumps;第三人稱單數:?stumps;過去式:?stumped;過去分詞:?stumped;現在分詞:?stumping;

      助記提示


      兔子“死待”在那,守株待兔
      1. stub => stump.
      2. large tree stumps being a natural perch for rural orators (this custom is attested from 1775).
      3. => 發表競選演說.
      4. step => stump.

      中文詞源


      stump 樹墩,樹樁,絆倒,難倒

      來自中古低地德語 stump,樹樁,樹墩, 來自 Proto-Germanic*stumpaz,樹樁,樹墩, 來自 PIE*stebh,支柱,支撐,來自 PIE*sta,站立,詞源同 stand,staff.引申動詞詞義被樹墩絆倒,比 喻義難倒等。

      stump 腳步沉重的走,跺腳走

      來自 PIE*stebh,踩,踏,來自 PIE*sta,站立,詞源同 stand,stamp,stomp.

      英文詞源


      stump (n.)
      "part of a tree trunk left in the ground after felling," mid-15c. (implied from late 13c. in surnames); from mid-14c. as "remaining part of a severed arm or leg;" from or cognate with Middle Low German stump (from adjective meaning "mutilated, blunt, dull"), Middle Dutch stomp "stump," from Proto-Germanic *stamp- (cognates: Old Norse stumpr, Old High German stumph, German stumpf "stump," German Stummel "piece cut off"), from PIE *stebh- "post, stem; to support" (see step (v.).
      stump (v.)
      early 13c., "to stumble over a tree-stump or other obstacle" (obsolete), from the source of stump (n.). From 1590s as "reduce to a stump." Sense of "walk stiffly and clumsily" is first recorded c. 1600. Sense of "baffle, bring to a halt by obstacles or impediments" is first recorded 1807, American English, perhaps in reference to plowing newly cleared land, but compare earlier sense "to challenge, dare" (1766).

      Meaning "go on a speaking tour during a political campaign" is from 1838, American English, from phrase stump speech (1820), large tree stumps being a natural perch for rural orators (this custom is attested from 1775), especially in new settlements. Related: Stumped; stumping.

      雙語例句


      1. The tramp produced a stump of candle from his deep pockets.
      流浪漢從深口袋里掏出了一截蠟燭。

      來自柯林斯例句

      2. If you have a tree stump, check it for fungus.
      要是有樹樁的話,檢查一下上面有沒有長菌類。

      來自柯林斯例句

      3. The presidential candidates are on the stump today.
      總統候選人今天在作巡回演說。

      來自柯林斯例句

      4. the stump of a pencil
      鉛筆頭

      來自《權威詞典》

      5. He went on the stump in his home state.
      他到故鄉所在的州去發表演說.

      來自《簡明英漢詞典》


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