strive
英[stra?v]
美[stra?v]
- vi. 努力；奮斗；抗爭
詞態變化
第三人稱單數:?strives;過去式:?strove;? strived;過去分詞:?striven;? strived;現在分詞:?striving;名詞:?striving;
助記提示
1. strive, strife 是同源詞(v <-->f)，因此它們的含義很相近；其實，stride 與 strive, strife 也是同源詞，只是 stride 的引申義引申得比較遠，因此僅從含義上看不出它們的同源性。
2. 古高地德語：*strit- "fight, combat, contention; quarrel, dispute" => 古法語：*strit- / *strif- "quarrel, dispute" => strife => strive.
3. 古高地德語：*strit- "fight, combat, contention" => *strid- => stride (其字面含義，其實就是兩條腿之間的對峙、競爭，兩條腿怎樣才能形成對峙呢，當然就是叉開腿，形成跨步、跨立姿勢)，由此引申出了如今的含義，straddle 就是 stride 的同源同引申義的詞.
4. *strid- => *strad- + -le (雙寫d加-le, 反復體后綴)。
5. strive 和 strife 如今的含義出現了一定的分化，strive 多用來指褒義的努力、盡力在競爭、爭斗中獲得勝利，而 strife 則多來指中性的競爭、爭斗的這種行為。
中文詞源
strive 努力，奮斗
來自中古英語 striven,艱難嘗試，努力，奮斗，來自古法語動詞 estriver,爭吵，爭斗，來自古 法語名詞 estrif,爭吵，爭斗，改寫自 estrit,爭吵，來自 Proto-Germanic*strido,紛爭，斗爭，戰 斗，詞源同 stride.后主要用于褒義詞義努力，奮斗，原詞義見名詞 strife,紛爭，沖突。
英文詞源
- strive
- strive: [13] Strive was borrowed from Old French estriver ‘quarrel, strive’. It is not certain where this came from, although it has been suggested that it was acquired from Old High German strīt ‘contention’, a relative of English stride. Strife [13] comes from the associated Old French noun estrif.
=> strife - strive (v.)
- c. 1200, "quarrel, contend," from Old French estriver "to quarrel, dispute, resist, struggle, put up a fight, compete," from estrif, estrit "quarrel" (see strife). It became a strong verb (past tense strove) by rhyming association with drive, dive, etc. Meaning "try hard" is from early 14c. Related: Striving.
雙語例句
- 1. We encourage all members to strive for the highest standards.
- 我們鼓勵所有成員為達到最高標準而努力。
來自《權威詞典》
- 2. Don't strive merely for quantity of production.
- 在生產中不要單純地追求數量.
來自《現代漢英綜合大詞典》
- 3. Strive for the best, prepare for the worst.
- 作最壞的打算,爭取最好的結果.
來自《現代英漢綜合大詞典》
- 4. Mr Annan said the region must now strive for economic development as well as peace.
- 安南先生說該地區現在必須為經濟發展與和平而奮斗。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. You should always strive to achieve more, however well you have done before.
- 無論之前取得何等輝煌的成就，都應該不斷努力進取。
來自柯林斯例句