peace

英文詞源

peace

peace: [12] The etymological notion underlying peace is of ‘fastening’, so as to achieve a ‘stable’ condition. The word comes via Anglo-Norman pes from Latin pāx ‘peace’, which was derived from the same base, *pāk- ‘fasten’, as lies behind English pact, and is closely related to pagan, page, pale ‘stake’, and pole ‘stick’. Derivatives of Latin pāx or its Old French descendant to reach English include appease [16], pacific [16], pacify [15], and pay.
=> appease, pacific, pact, pagan, pale, pay, pole

peace (n.)

mid-12c., "freedom from civil disorder," from Anglo-French pes, Old French pais "peace, reconciliation, silence, permission" (11c., Modern French paix), from Latin pacem (nominative pax) "compact, agreement, treaty of peace, tranquility, absence of war" (source of Proven?al patz, Spanish paz, Italian pace), from PIE *pag-/*pak- "fasten," related to pacisci "to covenant or agree" (see pact).

Replaced Old English frie, also sibb, which also meant "happiness." Modern spelling is 1500s, reflecting vowel shift. Sense in peace of mind is from c. 1200. Used in various greetings from c. 1300, from Biblical Latin pax, Greek eirene, which were used by translators to render Hebrew shalom, properly "safety, welfare, prosperity."

Sense of "quiet" is attested by 1300; meaning "absence or cessation of war or hostility" is attested from c. 1300. As a type of hybrid tea rose (developed 1939 in France by Fran?ois Meilland), so called from 1944. Native American peace pipe is first recorded 1760. Peace-officer attested from 1714. Peace offering is from 1530s. Phrase peace with honor first recorded 1607 (in "Coriolanus"). The U.S. Peace Corps was set up March 1, 1962. Peace sign, both the hand gesture and the graphic, attested from 1968.